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Gravitational force calculator

Calculate Newtonian gravitational force F = Gm₁m₂/r² between two point masses or separated spherical bodies.

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Calculate Newtonian gravitational force F = Gm₁m₂/r² between two point masses or separated spherical bodies.

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    Formula and assumptions
    Uses the 2022 CODATA recommended G = 6.67430 × 10⁻¹¹ m³/(kg s²), with standard uncertainty 0.00015 × 10⁻¹¹. Distances are center-to-center. Non-spherical mass distributions and relativistic gravity require different models.
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    Using Gravitational force calculator
    Calculate Newtonian gravitational force F = Gm₁m₂/r² between two point masses or separated spherical bodies.
    Uses the 2022 CODATA recommended G = 6.67430 × 10⁻¹¹ m³/(kg s²), with standard uncertainty 0.00015 × 10⁻¹¹. Distances are center-to-center. Non-spherical mass distributions and relativistic gravity require different models.
    Next: Force calculator
    A worked example
    Example inputs: first mass (kg) = 1000, second mass (kg) = 1000, center-to-center distance (m) = 1. Attractive force (N) = 6.6743e-05.
    Before you use the result
    Uses the 2022 CODATA recommended G = 6.67430 × 10⁻¹¹ m³/(kg s²), with standard uncertainty 0.00015 × 10⁻¹¹. Distances are center-to-center. Non-spherical mass distributions and relativistic gravity require different models.
    Example results for first mass (kg)
    These examples use Second mass (kg): 1000; Center-to-center distance (m): 1. They are reference calculations, not recommended settings.
    First mass (kg)Attractive force (N)
    5000.0000333715
    10000.000066743
    20000.000133486
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    ToolOctopus. “Gravitational force calculator.” Updated 2026-09-26. https://tooloctopus.com/gravitational-force-calculator.
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