Wi-Fi coverage planner

Estimate received Wi-Fi signal and link margin for an explicitly defined propagation scenario.

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Distance from access point (metres)

Frequency (GHz)

More inputs and assumptions

Transmitter power plus antenna gains (dBm)

Path-loss exponent (2 = free space)

Entered wall, cable and other losses (dB)

Receiver sensitivity for required mode (dBm)

Answer

…

Estimate received Wi-Fi signal and link margin for an explicitly defined propagation scenario.

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Formula and assumptions

Reference loss at one metre uses the ITU free-space formula. Beyond one metre, your exponent scales loss by 10 n log10(distance); n = 2 is free space. Enter measured or specified losses and receiver sensitivity for the intended data rate. Walls, interference, multipath, antenna patterns and client transmit limits prevent this scenario from guaranteeing indoor coverage or throughput. Verify both directions at the site.

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Updated 2026-09-29

Using Wi-Fi coverage planner

Estimate received Wi-Fi signal and link margin for an explicitly defined propagation scenario.

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A worked example

For distance from access point (metres) = 10, frequency (ghz) = 2.4, transmitter power plus antenna gains (dbm) = 20, path-loss exponent (2 = free space) = 2, entered wall, cable and other losses (db) = 0, receiver sensitivity for required mode (dbm) = -70, estimated received signal (dbm) = -40.052008.

Before you use the result

Example results for distance from access point (metres)

These examples use Frequency (GHz): 2.4; Transmitter power plus antenna gains (dBm): 20; Path-loss exponent (2 = free space): 2; Entered wall, cable and other losses (dB): 0; Receiver sensitivity for required mode (dBm): -70. They are reference calculations, not recommended settings.

Distance from access point (metres)	Estimated received signal (dBm)
5	-34.031408
10	-40.052008
20	-46.072608

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ToolOctopus. “Wi-Fi coverage planner.” Updated 2026-09-29. https://tooloctopus.com/wifi-coverage-planner.

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